Metabolic Health, Insulin, and Fasting

Blue Zones for Metabolic Health: How Cities Make the Healthy Choice the Easy Choice

What’s Inside This Episode?

  • Why willpower breaks down, even when motivation is high
  • What the longest-living populations did instead of chasing health
  • How small environmental shifts outperform big personal efforts
  • The longevity levers most health conversations sidestep, but communities can’t
  • What changes when health becomes a shared identity rather than a personal project
  • A simple way to redesign your own environment so better choices happen automatically
  • What modern culture is erasing from traditional longevity regions, and what still matters
  • How practitioners can move beyond protocols and participate in population-level change

Resources and Links:


Guest Resources and Links

 

Guest Bio

Dan Buettner Jr. is a driving force behind Blue Zones LLC and its success in deploying a well-being strategy across the US, leading transformative community health initiatives across America. With a focus on applying evidence-based longevity principles from global Blue Zones, he has spearheaded projects impacting over 10 million people in 80+ U.S. communities, achieving measurable reductions in obesity, smoking, and healthcare costs while boosting well-being and economic vitality through innovative partnerships and scalable models.

 


Transcript

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo  

So what if the secret to longer, healthier lives had less to do with willpower and supplements and all the things we talk about all the time and more to do with how communities are designed and how people interact with each other? 

 

In today's episode, we're going to step out beyond what we usually talk about on here and beyond the protocols, beyond the labs, beyond all that. We're going to look at population level longevity. We're going to be exploring how environment and connection and communication and movement and purpose, and of course food systems, shape health outcomes and how entire cities are reversing chronic disease or preventing chronic disease without telling people to quote unquote, try harder.

 

And I'm super excited to have a special guest here today. Our conversation is going to take different forms, and we don't know exactly where it's going. What I really want us to come away with from here is ways that we can help our clients to get the best health possible without having to feel like they're always having to deprive themselves in life. 

 

And I'm super excited to have as a guest today, Dan Buettner. He's a leader at the Blue Zones and you've all heard of the Blue Zones. It's very popular, and there's just a lot of talk about it. There's a book about it, communities that are out there that have longevity that other communities don't. 

 

So let me tell you a little bit about Dan before we jump right in. He's a driving force behind the Blue Zones. He is leading a very ambitious project. It's a very ambitious project to find out what these people are doing in these communities that are centurions, way more centurions than we have in the regular downtown Chicago area or wherever we are here. 

 

So he has helped to translate decades of longevity research into scalable real world strategies. And I just can't wait to share all of his work and how we can take it away and make a difference in our communities, in our world, in our clients.

 

His work has touched more than 10 million people. I’d like to say that for my work, it hasn't reached 10 million, yet. So this is exciting news. So welcome, welcome, welcome, Dan. I'm super excited to have you here.

 

Dan Buettner (02:51)

Well, happy to be here, Dr. Ritamarie, and I'm looking forward to telling the story of Blue Zones, both the origin story of the longest living people, as well as, an even better story that's unfolding as we speak.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (03:12)

Awesome. So let's start with the origin. How did this all start and how did you decide to do this research? 

 

Dan Buettner (03:19)

So a point of clarification, there's two Dan Buettner s. There's Dan Buettner , Sr and Dan Buettner , Jr, myself. I am not 66 years old. Otherwise this longevity thing works a little bit too well.

 

In 1999, Dan Buettner, Sr set out with National Geographic and the National Institutes of Health to go out and find the fountain of youth. And they thought they were going to find an herb or maybe some genes. You have a little background in epigenetics and clearly nutrition. 

 

So they weren't sure what they're going to find. And ultimately what they found were these five places around the world, five geographically defined, demographically confirmed, places where people are reaching age 80, 90, 100 at highest rates anywhere in the world. Centenarians, as you talked about in your introduction and, basically best practice from our species on how to set up your life, your environment, your rituals, your social networks, your purpose, your life skills, your lifestyle.

 

And there's two kickers of these original Blue Zones. Kicker number one is of the 350 centenarians, hundred year olds that Dan senior and National Geographic and MDs, epidemiologists, anthropologists have studied, demographers, gerontologists. Of the 350 that they studied longitudinally, not a single one pursued health.

 

Not a single one pursued longevity, pursued love, or fellowship, or purpose in their lives. For every single one of them, those things ensued as a byproduct of where they live and who they spent their lives with. Where and who was the constant, constant intervention force on their lives, shaped their behaviors, of course, behavior shaped health and life. 

 

The second kicker is four out of five of these original Blue Zones, Sardinia, Italy, Icaria, Greece, Okinawa, Japan, Loma Linda, California, and the Nicoya Peninsula in Costa Rica, four out of five are places that are at or below the poverty line. These communities are at or below the poverty line. So they don't have billion, trillion dollar healthcare systems.

 

They don't have Walgreens and CVS pharmacies. They don't have whole food markets. So the lesson there is, as you know, and your audience knows, that access to care does not translate into better health outcomes at the population scale. At the population scale. It can translate to better symptom management.

 

But, certainly not the three, the three big things that lifestyle does, which I want to talk about a little bit, which is delay, prevent, and reverse. Delay, prevent, and reverse chronic disease. 

 

There's a second story, and this is where I come in to the fold. And the second story is the Blue Zones America story, a story where America, the richest, most abundant nation to ever exist, also has the worst chronic disease health outcomes to ever exist, despite spending 20% of our GDP on sick care. And so this story is one where Blue Zones said, can we operationalize the lessons of environment, of lifestyle, of self-determination, of a million small things adding up to transformational change for an entire population, entire community, entire city. And we started doing that in 2009.

 

Today, 15 years later, we're in over 90 American cities, over 10 million Americans are exercising this self determination to rethink their environments, their communities, the architectures of choices there that in aggregate lead to either good behaviors, good lifestyle, good habits, good risk for disease.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (08:06)

Or lowered risk for disease. So I wanted to stop you there for a second, because I want to know what you mean by we're in 90 cities.

 

Dan Buettner (08:14)

Oone of the things that we learned from the original Blue Zones, and I mentioned none of these people pursued these amazing qualities and lifestyles. It ensued as a product of environment and culture. 

 

One of the things we learned is that individual discipline is a muscle. And what do muscles do? Muscles fatigue. And so it's very, very hard unless you're a professional athlete or a billionaire, it's very hard to always make the healthy choice in our lives. Those professional athletes have private vegan chefs, and they've got private trainers, and they've got time, and they've got resources to do it. 

 

But for the other 99.9% of Americans, we're single moms, we're first responders, we're RNs and doctors and garbage men. And it's very, very hard to always make the healthy choice, especially when you're in an environment that's making the unhealthy choice abundant, the default ubiquitous. 

 

So what we do is we say, what if an American city was quote unquote ready. They were ready to do something about it. And we brought forward not a silver bullet, but a silver buckshot of evidence-based interventions that you can do at the municipal level. And it falls into three buckets, people, places, and policy. Getting a plurality of policies, getting the city saying, we will follow through on policy recommendations around food systems, around built environment, maybe around tobacco and alcohol, getting business leaders saying, we'll follow through around place-based work, restaurant owners, grocery store owners, schools, employers, faith-based community, saying we will join the local movement and become Blue Zones approved. Business, classroom, employer, meaning we're going to make tweaks to make the healthy choice the easier choice for our patrons and our employees. 

 

And then the third P is People, getting a critical mass of people in the community coming out and saying, this is who we are going to become. We are going to become a place where the healthy choice is the easy choice, thereby taking the onus off individual discipline. And if they do enough of these things over time, we will certify them as a Blue Zone certified community. 

 

So when you ask, what does it mean to have 90 of these cities? We have 90 American cities that have spent five, 10, 15 years to realize making the healthy choice, the easy choice. And we measure chronic disease reduction, wellbeing, improvement with Gallup, and a whole bunch of other really fantastic social and economic gains.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (11:26)

Wow. And do you have a list somewhere that people could go like, hey, I'm thinking about moving. I'm thinking, where do I go? I want to go to a Blue Zones approved city.

 

Dan Buettner (11:35)

Yes, go to bluezones.com or go to chat GPT. It's easy to find all all the communities.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (11:46)

Great, awesome, awesome. So you've done this, and you've been noticing lower heart disease rates, lower cancer rates, dementia, et cetera, et cetera..

 

Dan Buettner (11:54)

If you go to our website, we've got an absolute compendium of peer reviewed third party research and white papers and publications. And it's really natural epidemiology if you think about it.

 

If you can make the healthy choice a little bit more abundant in somebody's life, like where they go to eat lunch, and they get their club sandwich for lunch every day. But one day that place becomes Blue Zones approved, and they can still have their club sandwich, but the default is no longer salty chips. It's fresh fruit. And you can send the fresh fruit back. So, I wanted the salty chips, but 90% of people don't do that. They just eat the fresh fruit that comes with the club sandwich.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (12:37)

Okay. So it's small changes, right? It's not getting rid of the clubs. 

 

Dan Buettner (12:42)

That's right. Small changes, but then you celebrate them. You reward them. You get people excited about them. So you're rewarding the good behaviors, but a couple of better choices, and a lot of the health choices that people make, they make unconsciously throughout their day.

 

So imagine one or two better choices every single day. After a few weeks, few months, it starts to snowball into what looks like behavior. And after a few more months, that consistent behavior, again, it's not consistent because of willpower. It's consistent, because you rearrange the deck chairs in the person's life. 

 

All of a sudden that behavior starts to look an awful lot like lifestyle. And then all of a sudden lifestyle starts to get into the world of risk factors for disease. It starts to get into the world of probability, plausibility of developing disease, whether it's at the epigenetic level or the metabolic level. And then you can start to, for the heady healthcare professionals in your audience, you start getting into the world of risk profiles.

 

You start getting into the world of projected cost of care, and utilization, 

and productivity of healthcare services, which we could have a whole other conversation about the lack of sustainability in the current direction of healthcare spending that we have today. 

 

So that's kind of the model in a nutshell, but it's coming from a very different angle than typical diet and exercise messaging that has largely been, in our opinion, shouldered by the individual, or the individual and their primary care doctor, which is the most trusted relationship in healthcare. But by and large, it remains episodic. And what we want to do is say, what if Americans had the best healthcare that ever existed in the world? Which we do, but it's paired with environments and social structures that are really getting the entire person's life, both when they're in the doctor's office and between doctor's offices, to optimize their life.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (15:16)

It's interesting. Because, this has been something that I've talked about for a long time. And what we've done is, we've created online communities where people get together in groups, and they're not alone. Because a lot of times, when I was working one-on-one with people, I'd give them this plan, and they'd go back, and everything in their environment was set up to make them fail, because the people didn't understand, the restaurants they went to, the work environment, bringing in the donuts every day. 

 

When we do it, we do it with online communities. 

 

My dream has always been that we live in a world where when you go into a restaurant, the healthy food is the norm, and people who want the junk food, they're like, “Where's my food?” Right. And they have to adapt, because it's not available. The ultra processed food that's served to kids in schools, that's no longer there. And that when a child is taken into the doctor, because they can't pay attention in school, instead of doing the prescription and handing them pills to give the kid, they're asking them about their diet, their environment, how much media are they consuming? And that's my dream of the world that I would like to leave to my grandchildren, my children, grandchildren, and beyond. 

 

And so you're doing it on that level, which I think is a phenomenon.

 

Dan Buettner (16:38)

I love that you're putting people in groups. If you want to go fast, go alone, but if you want people to go far, have them go together. We're big believers that that is a hack is putting people into groups. We saw anthropologic evidence of that in Okinawa, Japan, where they have something called a moai.

 

And a Moai is a cultural institution, an old cultural institution of Okinawans that when Okinawan little boys, little girls, around four or five years old, mom and dad bring them down to the town square. And they're put into a group of four or five boys or four or five girls. And that's their Moai. And they travel through life with that group of four or five people. And they have two jobs. Take care of each other 

and be stewards for your heritage, be stewards for your community. 

 

They're that social structure. Nobody's forcing them to do it. It's part of the norm. 

And, so it's truly best practice. 

 

I'll tell you another best practice. And this is a cheap, $7 paperback book that we have called The Blue Zones Challenge. It came out four years ago, maybe five years ago, a New York Times bestseller. And it's a simple checklist on how to blue zone your personal life. And the idea is to look outside your own discipline, and your own willpower, and take inventory. And you were talking a little bit about this. 

 

Take inventory of your surroundings and the things that either nudge you into a complacent lifestyle or the things that nudge you into a healthy lifestyle. And so it looks at things like auditing your fridge, your kitchen setup, your shoe closet, your friend group, your purpose, your transportation options. And then, identifying the things that could be permanent or semi-permanent setups that you can do to help automate some of your daily life choices. So that's  a little plug there for the Blue Zones Challenge.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (19:04)

I love that. We'll go check it out. I'll make sure that that's in the the show notes so people can check that out. I think about that for my own lifestyle. And when you said the shoes, if you were to do an inventory of my shoes, like most women's shoes, it's heels and pumps and this and that. And the other thing I'm addicted to is comfortable athletic shoes. And I'm like, that one looks good. And that one looks good. And these post running flip flops that are cushioned, that's my shoe collection.

 

So that gives you an idea of what kind of environment. I love it, right? That's, it just shows what a person's into, right? And everything in our home, as much as possible, is natural and wood as opposed to a lot of plastic and things like that. So I think that making it easy for people.

 

 So one of the things I've done when I've worked with people one-on-one is pantry cleanouts.

 

So you go in there, and you go through their refrigerator and their pantry, and share with them not just this is good, this is bad, but why? Like this is how this affects your body. This is how this affects your body. And when people have that why, they tend to follow through better. 

 

Dan Buettner (20:19)

That's completely true. Plus a little education. As Ralph Waldo Emerson said, a mind once expanded never returns to its original form.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (20:32)

Right? Once you know something, it's hard to unknow it. 

 

Yes. It's important. I'll have to get that book and really use it, utilize it in my coaching with people. But it's important that when you have the ease of grabbing healthy food, the ease of getting outside, and doing so. And obviously, if you live in Alaska in the winter, it's hard to get outside in the sunlight, because there's very little of it, right? And it's so frigging cold that you’ve got to put on 12 layers of clothing. But, it's creating that environment, right? 

 

The other thing I'm addicted to, if you walk around my home, is exercise equipment. I don't like to go to gyms, right? But I do want to lift heavy weights. So I have all kinds of stuff at my fireplace, which we don't use here in Texas. We hadn't used it in 20 years. So I said, okay, that's going to be my new workout area. So it's making it easy to do that. 

 

Something came to me as you were talking about that. When we talk about the relationship piece, all of those communities have that thing where they're connected to each other, they're caring for each other. And I wonder if we were to analyze it on a cellular level and a biochemical level, if it has to do with oxytocin, the hormone oxytocin. 

 

I wonder if a lot of that extra oomph in health in their bodies has to do with oxytocin, that they have so much more oxytocin than the people who just live their plastic lives and screen lives.

 

Dan Buettner (22:08)

You should give me the the recap on oxytocin as a nutritionist.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (22:12)

So oxytocin. It's a hormone that gets produced in the pituitary, and it basically is the love hormone or connection hormone. What it does is it helps during delivery of a baby. So the synthetic form is pitocin, which doctors give to women to help them if they're stalled in labor, but it helps the uterus contract and release the baby. And it also helps in milk letdown. 

 

So when a mama is nursing her baby, that milk has to let down and be available. So it does those things, but it can be stimulated. And this is what I think OB-GYNs need to learn is that during labor, if the labor is stalled, there's things that you can do to stimulate natural oxytocin, right? So cuddling, orgasm, nipple stipulation, right? There's things like that. Just being in the room with other people who you love and care for you, and stroking your body, right? 

 

How many times do you see women laying in labor, and somebody's stroking their body? And I've been in laborers like that where the husband had been trained. And so it makes a huge difference. And those are the things. So just being in community. 

 

It's been shown that levels of oxytocin go up when a group of women, this was studied in women, because women tend to do these things versus men, get together and just share their lives and share their joys and really feel connected with these people. Cuddling a dog or a cat or whoever your favorite pet is, that'll stimulate oxytocin. So it's a connection hormone.

 

Dan Buettner (23:49)

I believe it. I believe it. I'm presenting in Davos in a couple of weeks at the Brain Economy Forum. And a big thing that they're talking about is dementia and Alzheimer's risk going down by maintaining strong social interactions daily. And that isolation, amongst other things, is absolutely toxic for your brain health. And I don't think that's a coincidence that what you're talking about in the pituitary gland with oxytocin and pitocin.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (24:20)

Exactly. There's studies that show that oxytocin helps with brain development and the lack of the prevention of leading towards dementia. So I think that that's such a big piece that people are missing, the connection. During COVID, rates of not just dying from COVID happened, but so many other things, because people were isolated. They weren't able to hug. You weren't able to cuddle with people, because you just couldn't.

 

Dan Buettner (24:50)

You know, something that I think of, is when Dan and the team, the original expedition team, studied these five disparate places across the planet, they found nine commonalities. And we call them the power nine. 

 

Moving naturally was one of them. So they all lived in environments, or they had hobbies, or things that had them moving a little bit all day long, not just being sedentary like so many Americans and then like hitting the gym for an hour, that's not the recipe. And I understand that's reality for folks. But moving naturally is one. 

 

Two is purpose. They have purpose, and it's not just a paycheck. It's what's their gift and how they give their gift away. 

 

Number three is downshift. These people have stress. They worry about money. They worry about their kids.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (25:47)

Well, if they're in poverty, they have stress, right? 

 

Dan Buettner (25:52)

They're not drinking Mai Tais on a beach somewhere, but they have rituals to downshift, to reverse the inflammation associated with stress. So those are three.

 

The fourth is they eat mostly a plant-based diet. That doesn't surprise you. Only one of the four is vegan, but the other four are 80 to 90% plant-based beans, legume, nuts, greens are very prevalent.

 

Number five is a glass of red wine. Many of them had a glass of red wine at the end of the day over a healthy meal with friends. So we're not talking about drinking by yourself. We're not talking about excess drinking. 

 

There's the 80% rule. So they stop when they're 80% full. So as you know, quality of food is how you feel, quantity of food is how big you get. 

 

And then the other three are belonging, loved ones first, and the right tribe. So those come to connection. So the power nine, move naturally, purpose, downshift, stop when you're 80% full, wine at five, plant-based, belong, tribe, have the right tribe, and loved ones first. 

 

Of those nine, only half are what Americans would traditionally consider diet and exercise. The other half to the conversation that you and I are having goes much more to the whole person. And they've been largely underappreciated in American healthcare. And I really think that it's going to unlock here as the American consumer, coming out of the pandemic, is more acutely aware of things like longevity, of wellbeing, of healthcare spending, of national debt, of quality of life. 

 

I think that the coaches that you have on this show, the practitioners that you have on the show, are smart to be thinking about things like well-being, whole person, to add the value that Americans are going to be looking for.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (28:14)

Absolutely, absolutely. So you're in these cities, and you're teaching this stuff. And how do these people in these cities find out about this? How do they even connect and say, I want to be Blue Zone certified.

 

Dan Buettner (28:29)

So usually we get a reach out from a mayor, a spunky mayor, or a smart visionary healthcare CEO, whether it's a health plan or health system, or a large community health foundation. And they say, look, we're doing all these great things, but we're not doing enough around the community, the environment. We think Blue Zones can be that accelerant for us, but it has to be our story, not just another Blue Zone story. And so we put them through a little readiness assessment to make sure that they're ready to follow through on these things. And if they pass that, then we actually put together a local steering committee. We hire a local team.

 

So think four, five, six, 10, 20, 40 FTEs being hired from the community, full-time jobs, salaries, benefits, trained by Blue Zones. And they're the ones that go into the schools, they go into the policies, they go into the restaurants, and the grocery stores, and the churches, and the community events. And then we make sure the media, local media, is along for the rise. 

 

So to your question, how do people find out about this? This is a full on blitz. This is a wellbeing movement that we are standing up with our partners in the city. And it's really about a constant silver buckshot of engagement, of nudging, and then you’ve got to celebrate it. You have to recognize when a restaurant becomes Blue Zones approved, or an elementary school, or a policy gets passed or some fun cooking demonstration, or purpose workshop, or 5k. 

 

And then the remarkable thing about identity, and this is backed up by Gallup and 20 years of research into how people self-evaluate their lives and how they view their lives today and into the future, aka their projection of hope, the person you see in the mirror, what you tell yourself, your sense of self identity, and you already know where I'm going with this, tends to be self-fulfilling prophecy more often than not. You can literally hardwire your brain to say, I am a runner. I am a vegan. I am a healthy person. I am a friend. I am insert whatever. And it tends to come true more often than not. And this is the part that I get excited about, and I've personally seen this. The same is true for entire cities.

 

If you celebrate the behaviors, and the momentum, and the wins, people love winning, cities love winning, individuals love winning, people start to tell you, “Hey, here in Austin, Texas, we're one of those cities. We're healthy.” Health sells in this market. Or Galveston, Texas, or Fort Worth, Texas, or Riverside, California, or Allentown, Pennsylvania, or Grand Forks, North Dakota, or Tacoma, Washington. 

 

And so if you can get to where people are actually dentifying with these behaviors, you're at cruising altitude.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (32:00)

That's awesome. So as practitioners, we all live in disparate places, right? I live in Austin, as you said, but how would we, if we wanted to see our city become part of this Blue Zone certification process, where would we start? It's a big project what you've taken on, and it's beyond my capacity for, that's not my area of expertise. I can know the biochemistry of the body and the bio, and labs, and how to get people eating right, and all the connection skills. But the whole idea of moving the masses, it's huge, right? 

 

So I would like to know how we can support this initiative and help. And it's a selfish ask, because I would say Austin is one of the better cities for going out to restaurants. You can find decent restaurants, but how do we participate as practitioners to help somebody?

 

I don't even know who I would even approach, right? Who's the mayor? I don't even know. 

 

Dan Buettner (33:01)

So two ideas for you and your audience. Number one is when it comes to trying to stand up a Blue Zone project, you need a cross-sector leadership of the mayor, health systems, health plans, chambers of commerce, those traditional civic muscles that every city has.

 

You really need civic muscle, because this is not something that we do to a community. It's something a community does to itself. But then the good news for your audience, and the practitioners, is there's a much more direct way that you can get involved. 

 

About a year ago, we signed a 10-year partnership with the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, which is the largest accrediting body for healthcare practitioners, so MDs, DOs, RNs, PTs, et cetera, to become certified in lifestyle medicine, which is the only specialty that can delay, prevent, and reverse disease, generally speaking.

 

And they now have a Blue Zone fellowship for any healthcare professional that they can use their continuing education to become lifestyle medicine certified through ACLM and get that Blue Zone designation as a provider. And so I would encourage folks to look into lifestyle medicine if they haven't already, as well as, the Blue Zones Fellowship with ACLM. Because that's, I think, a smart way to position anyone's practice going forward, which I'm sure, again, a lot of your audience is already there.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (34:50)

Well, a lot of our audience has gone through my certification program in nutritional endocrinology, and they've learned all the diet, and the lifestyle, and the lab testing, and all the other stuff, the alternatives to how do you manage people with particular conditions, alternatives to the Western approach. So they have various certifications. I will look into that, but that's an important piece. 

 

So you have a certification in this field, but then how do we help the city we live in to become part of your initiative?

 

Dan Buettner (35:27)

Well, you can go to our website, and here's two more ideas. 

One is you can hire a Blue Zone speaker to come and present at the local church, the local school, the local park, and put on a little town hall event. 

 

Another thing is, you can direct some of those stakeholders to check out our Emmy award winning Netflix documentary, which, I don't know if you've seen it. How to Live to 100, Secrets of the Blue Zones. And it's five mini series that my father did with Netflix covering each of the Blue Zones. And that's an easy way that you can onboard and on-ramp stakeholders to say, why not Austin?

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (36:17)

Austin is the place, right? It's a good place for it, because we have the Austin weird, and there's a food emphasis.

 

Dan Buettner (36:31)

I've been swimming in, what's it called? Braxton, Barton Springs.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (38:49.678)

Barton Springs, Barton Springs. Natural thing. Yeah, it's great. Okay. 

 

So the last question, and then we'll wrap it up, is have you seen any decline in the health and longevity of these five cities over time? I ask because they're kind of, it's this westernization and how has that changed from where they were at 30 years ago versus where they're at now. 

 

Another reason I ask, I go to Costa Rica every year, I’ve been going there for five years in the winter, and we visit friends who live on the Nicoya Peninsula, and we've been there. And it doesn't seem to be any healthier than any other place that we've been.

 

Dan Buettner (37:20)

You're absolutely right. The lessons of the original Blue Zones we seek to preserve for all time, for all posterity, as long as we can, these best practices. The harsh truth is that the old ways that made these original Blue Zones longevity hotspots are dying off as younger generations have adopted Western culture.

 

So you’ve got McDonald's, you’ve got iPhones, you've got different jobs and different professions. Some of the rituals are not being adopted by the younger generations. Many of the original Blue Zones are no longer Blue Zones. But that does not dilute the lessons of the old guard in those communities and how their lives shaped longevity at scale, at population scale. 

 

And I'll direct you to an article that just came out in  The Gerontologist this week by Steven Austad and Giovanni Pes. Go look that up. It is the capstone research on the Blue Zones ,and it both unquestionably, undeniably, establishes the validity of the original Blue Zones, as well as, the diminishment of the effect for the next generation. Exactly what you brought up.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (38:55)

That's a good resource. Thank you.

 

So thank you for all that you're doing. Like it is a momentous task to be able to change the infrastructure in cities. I mean, that just blows my mind. Just eating right and exercising and all that stuff's easy, I think compared to what you're doing, bringing it large scale, and I really appreciate it, because it helps my mission, my 

fantasy about the world that I want my grandchildren and great grandchildren and beyond to be living in, right? 

 

Dan Buettner (39:29)

Well, I consider both of us, well-being warriors ,fighting the same fight, and we're not going to do it alone. And I appreciate you for giving me and BlueZones the platform today to share.

 

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo (39:40)

Absolutely. So thank you. And thank you everybody for listening and for being open to it. You guys already know the lifestyle and the medical system and all the things right now are just hurting people. And we see it every day. And just when I think that I've seen it all, and I'll go, I'm exaggerating something else that's totally bizarre that is happening, and people are advised crazy stuff.

 

But I really appreciate you being here, and I appreciate all of you listening for the effort. And I would encourage you to reach out and get the little book on how to put the Blue Zones into lifestyle, and check out the website, and see where all these cities are, these 90 cities, because if you have people who are ready to move, they may want to move to one of those cities. And I appreciate all you're doing. 

 

So for those of you who are looking for more in-depth education on how to put this more into your practice, you can check out the Blue Zones, but also check out our website at inemethod.com, because we have great courses to help you to become the kind of practitioner that saves lives, that helps prevent chronic disease, and just helps people to live the healthy, happy life that they deserve, and until next time, shine on.

Ritamarie Loscalzo

Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo is a best-selling author and speaker known for her extensive knowledge, infectious energy, and inspirational message that encourages individuals to become their own best health advocate. She is an internationally recognized nutrition and health authority who specializes in using the wisdom of nature to restore hormone balance with a special emphasis on thyroid, adrenal and insulin imbalances. She founded the Institute of Nutritional Endocrinology to empower health and nutrition practitioners to get to the root cause of health concerns by using functional assessments and natural therapeutics to balance the endocrine system, the body's master controller. Dr. Ritamarie is a licensed Doctor of Chiropractic with Certification in Acupuncture and is a Diplomat of the American Clinical Nutrition Board. She is a Certified Clinical Nutritionist with a Master’s in Human Nutrition, has completed a 2-year, 500-hour Herbal Medicine Program at David Winston’s Center for Herbal Studies and has a master's degree in Computer Science, which contributes to her skills as an ace problem solver.

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